Maybe you remember your first orchid as part of the corsage you were given, or gave, before the prom back in high school. Since then, orchids have always been associated with romance and fond emotions. Perhaps you have wanted to grow your own orchids but decided against it because you thought it would be too difficult - or that they were too delicate for our environment. Valentine's Day is coming up - and what could be a more opportune time to give an orchid to help renew some of those fond emotions and learn that caring for an orchid is neither difficult nor a chore?
The corsage orchid was probably a cattleya. This is certainly not the easiest orchid to grow at home. You will need a greenhouse or a glassed in sunroom for your cattleya to bloom successfully and regularly. It needs quite a bit of light and cannot withstand temperatures much below 55°F.
It would be best if your first orchid were a cymbidium orchid. The flower on a cymbidium looks like a miniature cattleya, except the colors are not quite as dramatic. However, the cymbidium is almost 'bullet-proof' as far as its growth requirements and care are concerned. Cymbidiums grow and bloom best in a favorable outdoor environment and are hardy to temperatures as low as 25°F. In our hard frost during the winter of 1990, when temperatures dropped to 18°F, Mr. Ed covered some of his 40 or 50 Cymbidiums with a plastic cover and put the rest on a covered porch. Only two did not survive!
Cymbidiums grow best in a mixture of one half medium fir bark and one half orchid mix. You can fertilize monthly with special orchid fertilizers or sprinkle Osmocote (14-14-14) in the pot once every four months. Water once a week in the winter and about twice a week in warm weather. Water until it runs out the bottom of the pot.
Speaking of pots - cymbidiums grow equally well in terra cotta, plastic or wooden containers. They will be happy there for up to three or four years, when they should be put into a larger pot or divided. Cymbidiums bloom best if they get at least 4 or 5 hours of direct sun each day (east facing on the porch is good). Some of Mr. Ed's 40 plants have gotten full sun all day but that's too much; the leaves turn yellow and then brown on the edges. If the foliage is a nice glossy dark green, the plant is not getting enough sunlight. The foliage should have a slightly yellowish tinge.
Cymbidiums may be either standards with leaves up to four feet long, which generally bloom after Christmas, or miniatures with leaves about two feet long, which start to bloom before Christmas. The flowers of the miniatures are about three quarters of the size of the standards. Also, in order to bloom properly, cymbidiums need a night time temperature of 55°F or lower during October or early November. Thusly, raising them outdoors provides the perfect environment here in the Bay Area.
You can bring your cymbidiums indoors as they come into bloom. The flowers will last longer if the plant stays outdoors but may be more enjoyable indoors. The flowers on the potted orchid will last six or more weeks. If you cut the flowers and bring them indoors, they will last about three weeks.
So, if you want to grow an orchid, a cymbidium should be your first choice to guarantee success.
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