MR. ED’S TIPS:
Mushrooms
At this time of year, we see mushrooms popping up in our lawns or growing on our trees and we wonder if they are harmful. Usually they are not.
Mushrooms are the ‘fruit’ of a fungus. The fungus grows in the soil or the wood of a tree as thin, white, thread-like strands. As these strands grow, they release enzymes which digest whatever they are growing on. Fungi may be parasites which grow on and digest living things, or others may be saprophytes which grow on and digest non-living things.
The mushrooms in your lawn or growing on tree stems and branches are usually saprophytes. Those growing in the lawn are feeding on dead grass or compost and helping to decompose it and turn it into humus (that’s a good thing!). Mushrooms growing on the side of a branch or tree trunk are doing the same and indicate that part of the tree is dead.
A notable exception is Oak Root Fungus (Armillaria mella) which is both a parasite and a saprophyte and infects many plants other than oaks. Armillaria produces yellow mushrooms at the base of the trees it infects (honey mushrooms which have been claimed to be edible). It feeds on and destroys plant roots.
If it bothers you to see mushrooms in your lawn, pick them, mow them or knock them over. But remember, these are the ‘fruit’ of the fungus and will not stop the fungus from growing or spreading, any more than picking the apples off a tree will stop the tree from growing.
The difference between mushrooms and toadstools is that toadstools are poisonous if eaten. Unfortunately, some people may eat certain wild mushrooms and find them delicious while others may become violently ill from eating the same mushrooms. A mushroom to one may be a toadstool to another.
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